ICT101 Discrete Mathematics Report 3 Sample
Assessment Details
Purpose of the assessment: To develop a plan for a real-world example of an application in information technology from the one of the topics given below. This assessment contributes to the various learning outcomes of your Bachelor of IT degree.
Task
In the initial part of assignment, the group of students’ will be tested on their skills on writing literature review of a topic you have learnt in the Discrete Mathematics (ICT101) course in the week 1 to 6. Students need to read at least 3 articles or books on this topic especially with application to Information Technology and give detail review of those. Student will also identify one application of information Technology related to the topic in which he/she is interested and write a complete account of that interest.
Student can use the following database to find article or books.
o EBSCO Databases
o Emerald Insight
o IBISWorld
o IGI Global
o ProQuest eBooks
o O’Reilly Learning
Student group will be exploring and analysis the application of information technology related to the topic which are identified by each group member, and they must recognise an application that can be programmed into computer. Each group must sketch a plane to draw a flow-chart and algorithm. Use some inputs to test the algorithm (Give different trace table for each input) and identify any problem in the algorithm. Suggest a plane to rectify or explain why it can’t be rectified. Each group must write one report on its findings.
The topic student group can choose from are:
• Number system used in Computing
• Logic in computing
• Inverse Function in Computing
• Induction Proof and its computing application
• 16-bit Representation
The written report must have the following sections:
1. Introduction
2. Proper reference of at least three articles or books
3. Write detail review of those articles or books related to the topic student chooses
4. Identify one application in Information Technology in which student is interested.Write a complete account of that interest
5. Description of why students choose this application
6. Give a complete plane to implement the application into a computer program with use of flow-chart
7. Write an appropriate algorithm
8. Use at least two inputs to test the algorithm. Group need to give a trace table for each input.
9. Conclusion
10. Short statement about contributions/Reflections from each group member
11. References
The report must be:
1. Word or pdf document (3 to 4 pages long)
2. Size: A4
3. Use Assignment Cover Page (download from Moodle) with your details and signature
4. Single space
5. Font: Calibri, 11pt
Solution
Introduction
All digital computing systems are rooted on logic as the fundamental principle. Since computer technology, from low-level circuitry down to highly complex artificial intelligence, are mainly based on logical operation of a machine, the area of logical reasoning is inarguably applicable to all features of a computer system. This essay has three points: the logical view in computer science, one of them is artificial intelligence (AI) through the machine learning use. It includes an historical background, a theoretical frame of reference on the other scholars, a practical works as well as an use in [Computer]Information Science (IT) subject.
Review of "Digital Design" by M. Morris Mano
The textbook titled "Digital design" by M. Morris Mano is crucial to have if one wants to understand and the branch of Logic in Computing. Being concise while not using complex terminologies like binary arithmetic basics, Boolean algebra fundamentals and various other things like logic gates which is essential for having a basic idea of how one can produce data using computers for university assignment help.
Along with this, combinational and sequential circuits topic of the book which serves as the base for understanding how digital systems convey information and act on it. It has a calculation performance which will affect the device in its design and development such as processors, input and output devices, memory devices.
In addition to that, "Digital Design" covers theoretical propositions with the examples of actual performance which are applied in our daily lives. The author seeks to achieve this objective through numerous illustrations and practices so that the proposed process becomes as smooth as possible.
Through this book, the author became obligatory reading for so people who wanted to understand how data flow in computer network devices. The directness with which it exposits the problems, clarity in definition and the realness of the visualizations available in the pages provide an indispensable source used by students, instructors and practitioners plunging deeply into digital logic or using it in artificial systems.
Review of "Introduction to the Theory of Computation" by Michael Sipser
We can get now clear about the significance of logic on computing through the Automata theory, Formal languages and Computational complexity which this book deals with. The other thing that can be acquired from the Sipser text is how formal logic works behind the traditional computation and problem-solving techniques.
Underrepresentation of topic related to symbolic finite automata, regular expression, context free grammar and Turing machines helps one understand the logic.
Furthermore, it deals with the connections between logic and computational complexity discussing about the hypotheses such as triviality, undecidability and NP completeness. These topics concentrate and illustrate to what extent the importance of the logic in understanding what with the computers only can reach, and what they are not.
Though 'Introduction to the Theory of Computation' does not go deep as other textbooks do in digital logic design; but how the logic-based computers are an instrument, why computation is facilitated by logic is informative to the reader interested in understanding the foundation of computers as machine.
Review of "Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach" by Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig
It is considered a monumental work that provides a comprehensive report on motivation and theory for artificial intelligence (AI). Such work installs an introduction to the methods and the fields AI methods are applied to. The book basically reflects a type of AI that is also concerned with the validity of knowledge in computer science.
The authors display different mathematics-supported formal techniques to the public, such as propositional logic, first-order logic, and predicate calculus, which are essential due to their role in knowledge and reasoning between human and artificial intelligence. These logical formalisms serve as a strong tool, through which one can express rules, limits and laws of interaction between intelligent agents who perform tasks like automated reasoning, actions planning and decision making.
Moreover, the book takes different advanced logic-based AI topics on line; logical inference techniques; representation languages of knowledge such as Prolog; expert systems; natural language processing and so on. Steven and Norvig characterizes the straightforward teaching with illustrative examples to show that reasoning and problem-solving have a unique base in powerful intelligent systems. Thus, the volume under consideration unfolds the complete picture of what is the role of logic computation, as well as other fields of AI, in the research and improvement of AI. Therefore, it is the essential one for students engaged in machine learning courses as it provides practical examples which can be used in solving related problems
Overall, Artificial Intelligence: Those of an ancient origin instead look for the entire picture and the role logics play as linked to AI and research as well as development of it. This book provides only fully logical relations with their applications; therefore, it is a must-read to all those who are interested on the hybrid intersection between logic and artificial intelligence either seen from the perspective of an academic or practice eye.
Application of “Logic in Computing” in Information Technology
In Digital Circuit Design one employs Logic in Computing in many ways. The this more than one form is development of arithmetic logic units (ALUs). ALUs are the basic creating blocks that constitute modern computer processors and therefore they are chiefly responsible for any numeric or logical operation encoded as binary data. In the following part, the design of ALUs will be revealed with different logic gates including AND,OR, XOR, NOT
As for the part of ALU design, AND, OR, XOR and NOT gates are among some of the commonly utilized logic gates to perform arithmetic and logical operations. These gateways take energy 0 or 1 as per previous preset rules on which they act and produce subsequent result as it serves.
For instance, the same logic gates incorporated into these components can carry out binary addition and subtraction operations in ALUs. The full adder is a conglomeration of cohesive submission units that function as an addition of two numbers with a carry-on from the previous operation. Besides, formation of the composite multi-input gate arithmetic operations like compare, XOR, and OR among others shall be made possible with the help of those basic building blocks.
Besides, ALUs involve the usage of multiplexers, decoders and flip-flops to regulate control signals and dead flow of data across the decoder. These types of additions help a lot in completing different essential points about offering data line; changing paths; saving state of particular ALU and other like that to increase the capacity and versa ability of processing unit.
Flow chart
This flowchart outlines the sequential steps of the program: This flowchart outlines the sequential steps of the program:
Start: Its execution on the host begins.
Input Binary A and Input Binary B: The inputs are received as two binary TRUE or FALSE.
Perform AND Operation: Here, the ALU does the AND operation on 2 inputs.
Output Result of AND Operation: The Universe of Discourse and Program logic shows the next line to be executed.
Perform OR Operation: The software takes part in (Clacks) with an OR operation on two inputs.
Output Result of OR Operation: This is where we see the OR operation result. End: The program terminates.
Algorithm and testing of AND, OR Gate algorithm
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Conclusion
The choosing of logic as the next digital circuit design technique—specifically, as a way of realizing arithmetic logic functions—highlights the significant contribution logic makes to further raising the processor speed and suppleness. ALUs are the most fundamental component on which digital system’s computation are bases. Using logical concepts and gate-level implementations, ALUs have made significant impacts not just on computing technology and applications but also to other fields.
Contributions/Reflections
Each group member having their say immensely helped us in carrying our investigation out, analysing the data, and writing the report that was filled with diversified viewpoints. Through the synthesis of different contributions, we have managed to create a detailed overview which encompasses the logic of computing and its applications both in general and specific terms.
References:
Mano, M. and Ciletti, M. (2018) Digital Design, Global Edition. 6th edition. Pearson Publication.
Sipser, M. (2013), Introduction to the Theory of Computation, Course Technology, Boston, MA
Russell, S. & Norvig, P. (2010), Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, Prentice Hall
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