EDU10005 Indigenous Education and Perspectives Essay 2 Sample
Assignment Details
This essay has two parts and is based on the materials and content from the first six weeks of the unit. In this essay, you will:
Identify one historical event from Australian history and analyse how it has affected the lives of Indigenous Australians, and the relevance this historical and cultural knowledge has for teaching and learning in Australia.
This assignment will be divided into parts A and B, which are outlined as follows:
Part A – 1000 words
Identify one historical event from Australian history and analyse how it has affected the lives of Indigenous Australians. You must choose from the following list of examples:
Colonisation
Coranderrk Reserve
Land rights
The 1967 Referendum
The Redfern Speech
The 2008 National Apology.
You will need to describe the event analyse the effects and impacts of the event on Indigenous Australians, both in the past and present time.
Part B – 600 words
conclude the final part of your essay by discussing teaching and learning with Indigenous perspectives. In your discussion, include the following:
A summary of the arguments that support the teaching and learning of Indigenous Australian histories, cultures and perspectives in early childhood education or primary education.
An explanation of how this event could be taught in either early childhood or primary education.
Consider the following essay writing tips:
It will be essential to use the unit readings and resources to support your discussion. Avoid overuse of internet sources. Refer to the assignment rubric to make sure you have understood the expectations of the assignment and how it will be marked.
As this is an essay, it should be written primarily in the third person. Include a brief introduction, clear paragraphs for each new idea and a concise conclusion. An essay plan or mind map before you start writing will help—even if you only record the key points, plan the order they should go in, and provide the content of the introduction and conclusion.
Make sure that you proofread your essay carefully before submission. Poor grammar and typographical errors detract from the quality of your work.
Acknowledge all sources used to develop your ideas, both in the body of the essay and in the reference list at the end. Citing references adds strength to your arguments and avoids plagiarism. References should be constructed according to APA 7th edition formatting.
Supporting resources
Solution
Introduction
Early childhood and primary education must include Indigenous Australian histories, cultures, and viewpoints to effectively promote cultural competence, empathy, and a deep awareness of Australia's rich past (Sarra and Shay, 2019, pp.10-20). In this article, the value of including Indigenous material in school curriculum is examined, with an emphasis on the advantages it offers both Indigenous and non-Indigenous pupils. Shed light on the transforming potential of education in bridging historical differences, fostering reconciliation, and raising knowledgeable and culturally sensitive citizens by evaluating the significance of this inclusion, backed by pertinent literature and research (Sarra and Shay, 2019, pp.10-20).
1. A road Map
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Figure 1- Road Map
Source- (Sarra and Shay, 2019, pp.10-20)
Examine a crucial period in Australian history that had a profound effect on Indigenous Australians. Our attention is on a single historical occurrence that changed people's lives and has had an ongoing impact on subsequent generations. Examine the several effects of this incident on Indigenous communities and stress the need to include this historical and cultural information in Australia's educational system (Ewing and Cooper, 2021, pp.11-22).
2. Key point
This report's key point is to measure the historical bearing of the 1967 Referendum and its long-lasting belongings on Indigenous Australians. By exploring the occasion's historical background, the radical climate of the period, and the possessions it had on Indigenous people, it seeks to offer a full knowledge of the event. The research also looks at the occasion's long-term repercussions, plus how it will affect redressing past injustices and amending current dissimilarities (Ewing and Cooper, 2021, pp.11-22).
Part A
Describe the event
1. The Historical Context of the 1967 Referendum
The 1967 Referendum's historical contextual sheds light on the significant location in which this momentous occasion took place. Indigenous Australians knowledgeable systematic acumen in the run-up to the referendum, including a lack of access to rudimentary services and limits on their civil rights (Radcliffe and Page, 2020, pp.19-29). Australian protestors were motivated by the universal civil rights movement to call for justice and parity at the same time. The socio-political context of the time is explored in this subsection, with an emphasis on the growing pace of change that spurred the movement for constitutional revision (Radcliffe and Page, 2020, pp.19-29).
2. The Referendum Campaign and Its Key Players
A crucial part of the history of the 1967 Referendum is the Referendum Campaign and Its Key Players. A thorough examination of the people, teams, and groups responsible for the 'yes' movement for constitutional reform will be provided in this section for university assignment help Important human rights groups and well-known individuals like Faith Bandler and Sir Douglas Nicholls played key roles in mobilizing support for Indigenous rights (Radcliffe and Page, 2020, pp.19-29).
Examples
1. Cultural bias
With Eurocentric viewpoints predominating in education and the media, indigenous cultures were habitually discounted and undervalued. Due to this cultural prejudice, Indigenous languages, customs, and knowledge systems were not acknowledged or respected. Indigenous cultural activities like spirituality and land management were often seen through a prism of misunderstanding and ignorance (Goot and Rowse, 2023, pp.12-24).
2. Political bias
Indigenous Australians were denied citizenship and even the most fundamental rights. Due to ingrained political prejudice, the Constitution expressly prohibited them from being included in the national census. Contrary to the benefits enjoyed by the dominant culture, indigenous people have restricted access to necessities like healthcare and education (Goot and Rowse, 2023, pp.12-24).
The effects and impacts of the event on Indigenous Australian's past and present time
Indigenous Australians had significant and long-lasting repercussions from the 1967 Referendum, which changed the social, political, and cultural environment. By identifying the connected obstacles and opportunities for success, this investigation will dive into the precise results of this occurrence, both in the past and in the present (Goot and Rowse, 2023, pp.12-24).
Past Outcomes
1. Recognition and Inclusion
The 1967 Referendum's elimination of the Constitution's discriminatory provisions provided a critical opportunity for achievement. Aboriginal Australians were finally given citizenship status and included in the census. The achievement of legal equality was greatly aided by this recognition (Ewing and Cooper, 2021, pp.11-22).
2. Policy Reform
The referendum's victory served as a spark for more extensive policy changes. It opened the door for the White Australia Policy's ultimate demise and the creation of the Department of Aboriginal Affairs in 1972. These programs attempted to better the living circumstances of Indigenous populations and remedy past injustices (Mamtora, Ovaska and Mathiesen, 2021, pp.20-30).
Present Outcomes
1. Ongoing Disparities
Despite these encouraging developments, Indigenous Australians continue to face several obstacles to success. Education, employment, health, and prison rate disparities still exist. Generations are still being affected by the repercussions of previous policies, such as the forcible separation of children from their families Mamtora, Ovaska and Mathiesen, 2021, pp.20-30).
2. Cultural Resilience
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Figure 2- Cultural Resilience
Source- (Gopalakrishnan, 2019, pp.28-41)
The 1967 Referendum was a step in the direction of cultural resuscitation. The use of indigenous cultural practices, languages, and art has increased recently. This cultural renaissance offers a chance for Indigenous heritage preservation and celebration to be successful (Frawley, Russell and Sherwood, 2022, pp.22-44).
3. Advocacy and Political Voice
The referendum gave Indigenous groups a feeling of empowerment, which prompted a surge in advocacy and political involvement. Indigenous Australians are becoming well-known advocates in the fight for their rights and solutions to persistent problems (Frawley, Russell and Sherwood, 2022, pp.22-44).
Analysing the 1967 Referendum
1. Effect at the Time (Past)
Recognition and Citizenship
The referendum allowed for the repeal of discriminatory provisions from the Australian Constitution by an overwhelming margin (Suarta et al., 2022, pp.24-34). For Original Australians, this was a noteworthy victory since it meant they were finally assumed citizenship, included in the countrywide census, and given the same legal human rights as non-Indigenous Australians. (Australian Electoral Commission, source 1)
Political Empowerment
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Figure 3- Political Empowerment
Source- (Gopalakrishnan, 2019, pp.28-41)
The Yes movement, which was heavily influenced by indigenous campaigners and communities, caused in a rise in political activism and encouragement (Suarta et al., 2022, pp.24-34). This supported the political voice of Indigenous people and flagged the way for future policy variations. (Source 2: Australian National Museum)
2. Implications for Indigenous Australians
Identity and Pride
Aimed at Indigenous Australians, the 1967 Referendum stayed of utmost position (Suarta et al., 2022, pp.24-34). The detail that they were formally acknowledged as existence an essential constituent of Australian society gave them a feeling of pride and uniqueness in addition to surrendering them legal fairness. (Australian Human Rights Commission, source Ongoing Disparities
Even though the referendum was a good move, there are still differences in things like education, healthcare, and jail rates (Sinclair, 2019, pp.36-46). Indigenous communities are still impacted by the effects of previous policies, such as forced removals, which emphasizes the necessity for ongoing work on justice and reconciliation. (Source: Closing the Gap, page 4)
3. Impacts Today
Cultural Revival
The 1967 Referendum's acknowledgement of Indigenous Australians has helped revive the Indigenous culture. There is a resurgence of interest in commemorating and conserving Indigenous customs, art, and languages. Indigenous tenacity is shown by this cultural resurgence. The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies is the fifth source (Mamtora, Ovaska and Mathiesen, 2021, pp.20-30).
Education and Advocacy
The legacy of the referendum is still relevant in today's educational environments. It emphasizes the value of educating students about Indigenous history and culture to promote better understanding and healing. This dedication is shown in programs like the Australian Curriculum's integration of Indigenous views (Frawley, Russell and Sherwood, 2022, pp.22-44).
4. Current educational context
Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority (ACARA) and Reconciliation Australia - Narragunnawali
The government organization in charge of creating and executing the Australian Curriculum is ACARA. One of the three cross-curriculum goals in the Australian Curriculum is the teaching of Indigenous histories and cultures. In an effort to promote a high degree of understanding and pride in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander histories, cultures, and accomplishments, Reconciliation Australia has launched the Narragunnawali program (Sinclair, 2019, pp.36-46).
Part B
Indigenous Australian Histories and Perspectives Matter in Early and Primary Education
For a number of compelling reasons, it is crucial to teach and learn about Indigenous Australian histories, cultures, and viewpoints in early development and primary education. it encourages pupils to accept and understand other cultures, which helps to create a society that is more inclusive and peaceful (Sinclair, 2019, pp.36-46). Students' understanding of the many Australian cultures is heightened through exposure to Indigenous knowledge, which also fosters empathy and lessens misconceptions. Recognizing past wrongs and encouraging healing, it also aids in attempts toward reconciliation (Socha, 2021, pp.29-39).
Teaching the Event: Tailoring Lessons for Early Childhood and Primary Education
1. Storytelling and oral history and Cultural Art and Symbols
Use indigenous storytelling customs to describe the referendum's history and importance. Obtain first-person narratives from Indigenous elders or community members who are willing to share their experiences. This is consistent with Indigenous pedagogies that stress the value of oral history transmission of culture and knowledge. And Engage students in the creation of cultural art and symbols that depict the topics and importance of the referendum (Socha, 2021, pp.29-39).
2. Outdoor Learning and Critical Thinking and Discussion
Exploring land rights and the importance of the country are just two examples of outdoor learning activities that may be used to make the most of the surrounding environment. This is consistent with Indigenous pedagogies, which place a strong emphasis on learning from the earth (Socha, 2021, pp.29-39).
Conclusion
The 1967 Referendum, which had a significant influence on Indigenous Australians and the larger community, is remembered as a turning point in Australian history. This incident, which was the result of political and cultural prejudice, was both a roadblock and a doorway to achievement. It was a key turning point in Indigenous Australians' fight for equality by granting them long-overdue citizenship rights and respect. The referendum's effect is still felt today in the resurgence of Indigenous traditions, greater lobbying, and continuous initiatives to reduce inequalities. Indigenous viewpoints are included in education as an example of a dedication to racial justice and cultural understanding. The path to genuine reconciliation is still being travelled, however. Must keep tearing down structural obstacles, addressing past injustices, and fostering intercultural understanding if are to uphold the spirit of the vote. It is crucial to educate Indigenous viewpoints, histories, and cultures in early childhood and primary education. It is a crucial step in raising knowledgeable, compassionate, and culturally competent individuals who can help make Australia more inclusive and peaceful.
References
Ewing, L.-A. and Cooper, H.B. (2021). Australian Histories, Cultures, and Perspectives in Education. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 30(1), pp.11–22. doi https://doi.org/10.1080/1475939x.2020.1868562.
Frawley, J., Russell, G. and Sherwood, J. (2022). Empowering Cultural Competency: Teaching Indigenous Australian History. [online] pp.22–44. Available at: https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/39549/2020_Book_CulturalCompetenceAndTheHigher.
pdf#page=297.
Goot, M. and Rowse, T. (2023). The 1967 Referendum. The Debate Over the Constitutional Recognition of Indigenous Australians: National Unity and Memories of the 1967 Referendum, pp.12–24. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/ajph.12889.
Gopalakrishnan, N. (2019). The 1967 Referendum: a case study. The International Journal of Community and Social Development, [online] 1(1), pp.28–41. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/2516602619826712.
Mamtora, J., Ovaska, C. and Mathiesen, B. (2021). Reconciliation in Australia. IFLA Journal, 47(3), pp.20–30. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0340035220987578.
Radcliffe, J.C. and Page, D. (2020). A case study of Australian Histories. Water Cycle, [online] 1(1), pp.19–29. doi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watcyc.2020.05.005.
Sarra, G. and Shay, M. (2019). Teaching Indigenous Australian Histories, Cultures, and Perspectives in Education. Encyclopedia of Teacher Education, [online] pp.10–20. doi https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1179-6_195-1.
Sinclair, K. (2019). Australia Unsettling Discourses of Cultural Competence. Journal of Childhood Studies, pp.36–46. doi:https://doi.org/10.18357/jcs444201919210.
Socha, A. (2021). Australian Histories, Cultures, and Perspectives in Education: A Case Study. International Journal of Indigenous Health, 16(1), pp.29–39. doi:https://doi.org/10.32799/ijih.v16i1.33918.
Suarta, I.M., Noortyani, R., Yarsama, K. and Adhiti, I.A.I. (2022). A case study Empowering Cultural Competency: Teaching Indigenous Australian History. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies, [online] 9(1), pp.24–34. Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/48710297.
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